Key Takeaways

Consolidate your learning and test your understanding

What You've Learned

📊

Embodied Carbon Matters

  • 11% of global emissions from cement, steel, aluminum production
  • As grids decarbonize, embodied carbon becomes 50%+ of lifecycle total
  • Upfront emissions matter NOW—no time for "payback periods"
🔄

Material Substitutes Exist

  • Recycled steel: 81% reduction, often cost-competitive
  • Mass timber: carbon-negative, replaces steel/concrete
  • Geopolymer concrete: 64% reduction, commercial scale
♻️

Circular Economy Wins

  • Design for disassembly enables 80-95% material recovery
  • Material passports track composition for future reuse
  • Reuse retains 10× more value than recycling
🎯

Action Hierarchy

  • 1.Reduce: Use less material (efficiency, design)
  • 2.Substitute: Switch to low-carbon alternatives
  • 3.Circulate: Reuse, recycle, regenerate

Test Your Knowledge

1

What is the primary driver of embodied carbon in buildings?

2

Which material substitution offers the HIGHEST carbon reduction?

3

In a circular economy, what percentage of construction materials can be recovered?

4

For a 5000 m² office building over 50 years, which carbon source is larger?

5

Which circular strategy has the HIGHEST value retention?

🎉

Module Complete!

You've mastered low-carbon materials. Ready to apply your knowledge to real-world projects!