Previous Module
Building Electrification

Embodied Carbon: The Hidden Cost of Construction

Understanding the carbon emissions embedded in building materials and infrastructure

What is Embodied Carbon?

Embodied carbon refers to the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production, transportation, and construction of building materials and infrastructure. Unlike operational carbon (ongoing energy use), embodied carbon is "locked in" at the time of construction and represents up to 50% of a building's total lifetime carbon emissions.

Every material we use - from concrete and steel to glass and insulation - has a carbon cost. This includes extracting raw materials, manufacturing processes, transportation, and assembly. Understanding and reducing embodied carbon is crucial for achieving net-zero construction and meeting climate goals.

The Scale of the Problem

Global construction accounts for 39% of all carbon emissions. Of this, embodied carbon represents about 11 Gt CO₂e annually - more than aviation and shipping combined. With urbanization accelerating worldwide, this number is only expected to grow.

Carbon Hidden in Plain Sight

Click on everyday items to reveal their embodied carbon footprint

📱

Smartphone

👕

Cotton T-Shirt

🚗

Electric Car

🏠

Single Family Home

Cup of Coffee

💻

Laptop Computer