The Hidden Carbon Vault

Beneath our feet lies Earth's largest terrestrial carbon reservoir

Earth's Carbon Basement

Soils contain 2,500 gigatons of carbon—three times more than the atmosphere and four times more than all plants combined.

This carbon exists as decomposed organic matter (humus), root exudates, microbial biomass, and charcoal fragments. When managed properly, soils can sequester additional carbon. When degraded through intensive farming, erosion, or conversion to cropland, they release it back to atmosphere as CO₂.

📈 The Opportunity

Regenerative practices can increase soil carbon by 0.4-1.0% annually. On global croplands and degraded lands (5 billion hectares), this equals 2-5 Gt CO₂/year removal—equivalent to 5-15% of current emissions.

📉 The Loss

Since agriculture began, soils have lost 50-70% of original carbon stocks. Tilling, monocultures, and bare soil accelerate oxidation. Annually, degraded soils release ~4 Gt CO₂—making soil restoration critical.

Interactive Soil Profile Explorer

Click layers to explore carbon distribution through soil depths

🌱 Surface
0-5 cm
58% C
5-30 cm
35% C
30-90 cm
15% C
90-200 cm
5% C
🪨 Bedrock

O Horizon (Organic Layer)

Depth Range
0-5 cm
Carbon Content
58%
Density: Very High
Characteristics

Fresh organic matter—leaf litter, decomposing plants, active microbes

Activity: Intense microbial decomposition
2,500 Gt
Total Soil Carbon
3x
More than atmosphere
Top 30 cm
Holds most carbon
1,000+ yrs
Deep carbon stability

💡 Why This Matters

Unlike engineered CDR requiring infrastructure, soil carbon sequestration uses existing farmland and proven agricultural techniques. Co-benefits include increased yields, drought resilience, reduced fertilizer needs, and improved food security—making it economically viable for farmers worldwide.