Hydropower: Harnessing Water's Power
Discover how flowing water can generate clean, renewable electricity and explore the science behind hydroelectric power
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Section 1 of 5What is Hydropower?
Hydropower is the largest source of renewable electricity worldwide, harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing water to generate clean, emission-free power. Water has been used for mechanical power for thousands of years, but modern hydropower technology converts this ancient principle into electricity on a massive scale.
The basic principle is simple: water flows downhill due to gravity, and this movement can be captured by turbines to generate electricity. The amount of power available depends on the water's flow rate and the height difference (head) over which it falls. Modern hydropower plants can range from small run-of-river installations to massive dam-based systems.
Why Hydropower Matters for Climate
Hydropower provides reliable, dispatchable renewable energy that can balance intermittent sources like solar and wind. It plays a crucial role in the transition to a low-carbon energy system, offering both base-load power and energy storage capabilities.
Interactive Water Flow Simulator
Interactive Dam Simulator
Control Parameters
Power Output
Key Insight
Power output depends on water head (height difference), flow rate, and turbine efficiency. Higher dams and greater flow produce more power!