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Applications & Efficiency
Section 5 of 5
Key Takeaways

Key Takeaways: Mastering Thermal Energy Storage

Review the essential concepts and test your understanding of thermal energy storage systems

Essential Concepts in Thermal Energy Storage

🔥 Storage Mechanisms

  • Sensible: Temperature change (water, rocks, salts)
  • Latent: Phase change (PCMs like paraffin, salt hydrates)
  • Thermochemical: Chemical reactions (highest density)

⚡ System Types

  • Tank systems: Molten salt for CSP (most common)
  • Packed beds: Rocks/ceramics for high temperatures
  • PCM systems: Phase change materials for buildings
  • Thermochemical: Emerging technology for long duration

📊 Performance Metrics

  • Efficiency: 70-90% round-trip
  • Duration: 4-24 hours typical
  • Cost: $0.02-0.25/kWh (very competitive)
  • Scalability: MW to GW scale possible

🌍 Applications

  • CSP plants: 6+ GW deployed worldwide
  • Industrial heat: Process heating decarbonization
  • District heating: Urban thermal networks
  • Grid services: Renewable energy firming

🚀 Future Outlook

Thermal storage is poised for massive growth as renewable energy expands. With costs projected to fall 35% by 2030 and efficiency improvements ongoing, TES could provide 100-200 GW of storage capacity globally by decade's end, playing a crucial role in achieving net-zero emissions.

Test Your Knowledge

Question 1 of 5Score: 0/0

Which thermal storage type offers the highest energy density?