Cost Analysis & LCOS

Understanding the true cost of energy storage through Levelized Cost of Storage analysis

Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS)

LCOS is the standard metric for comparing energy storage costs, similar to LCOE for generation technologies. It represents the total lifetime cost of storage divided by the total energy discharged over the system's lifetime. Understanding LCOS helps compare different storage technologies and identify cost reduction opportunities.

Key factors affecting LCOS include capital costs, round-trip efficiency, system lifetime, cycling frequency, degradation rates, and financing costs. As storage technologies mature, the relative importance of these factors shifts, requiring different optimization strategies for different technologies.

Why LCOS Matters

LCOS enables apples-to-apples comparison of storage technologies and reveals the true economic value of different performance characteristics. It guides technology development and market adoption decisions.

Interactive LCOS Calculator

Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS)

$0.001/kWh

Cost per unit of energy discharged over system lifetime

50$200500
70%85%95%
510y25
100365600
0.5%2.5%5%
3%8%15%

Cost Sensitivity Analysis

10.0%
Impact of 10% higher capital cost
2.3%
Savings from 2% higher efficiency
19.3%
Benefit of 2-year longer lifetime
21.5%
Benefit of 100 more cycles/year

💡 Key Insight

LCOS analysis reveals that capital cost has the largest impact on total storage economics, but efficiency, lifetime, and cycling frequency become increasingly important as capital costs decline. Higher utilization through more cycles per year significantly improves economics by spreading fixed costs over more energy discharged.

Introduction