Chargebacks & Disputes

Payment reversals and merchant protection strategies

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Fraud Detection Systems

⚠️ The $28 Billion Problem

A chargeback is a forced payment reversal initiated by a cardholder's bank. Unlike refunds (merchant-initiated), chargebacks bypass the merchant entirely. Originally created in 1974 to protect consumers from credit card fraud, they now cost merchants $28 billion annually. Each chargeback incurs a $15-25 fee plus lost merchandise. Exceed 1% chargeback rate and card networks flag your account—hit 1.5% and you lose processing privileges entirely. Yet 86% of chargebacks are "friendly fraud"—legitimate purchases disputed by customers who forgot, regretted, or want free items.

🎯 The Chargeback Dilemma

Chargebacks favor consumers heavily—cardholders have 120+ days to dispute, while merchants get 7-10 days to respond. The burden of proof lies with merchants: you must prove the transaction was legitimate, the customer authorized it, you delivered the product, and they received it. Even with evidence, merchants only win 40-50% of disputes. Worse, "friendly fraud" is legal—customers can claim "I don't recognize this charge" without proof. For many businesses, especially digital goods and subscription services, chargebacks are unavoidable operational costs.

$28B

Annual Cost

Total chargeback costs globally (2024)

86%

Friendly Fraud

Chargebacks from legitimate purchases

$15-25

Fee Per Case

Plus lost merchandise and revenue

1.0%

Warning Threshold

Card networks flag high-risk merchants

📊 Chargeback vs Refund

✓ Refund (Merchant-Initiated)

• Merchant controls process
• No chargeback fee
• Preserves customer relationship
• Doesn't count toward ratio
• Can negotiate partial refund

✗ Chargeback (Bank-Initiated)

• Merchant has no control
• $15-25 fee (non-refundable)
• Damages merchant reputation
• Counts toward chargeback ratio
• All-or-nothing decision

⚖️ Consumer Rights

The Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA) gives cardholders powerful protection. You can dispute charges for:

Unauthorized transactions (fraud)
Goods not received
Items not as described
Incorrect amount charged
Duplicate charges
Failed refund after return