✅ Master Quadratic Voting

🎯 Core Concepts

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  Square Root Formula: votes = √tokens. This compresses whale power—10,000 tokens gives 100 votes (not 10,000), while 100 community members with 100 tokens each get 1,000 votes combined. Democracy without abandoning token weights.
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  Whale Resistance: Diminishing returns prevent single-holder dominance. A whale with 100x more tokens than a small holder gets only 10x more votes. Shifts governance from plutocracy to weighted democracy.
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  Vote Buying Paradox: Small holders have higher efficiency (10% for 100 tokens vs 1% for 10,000 tokens), making vote buying from them cheaper than self-accumulation for whales. Requires identity verification to prevent sybil attacks (wallet splitting).
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  Sybil Vulnerability: Splitting 10,000 tokens across 100 wallets gives 10x more votes (1,000 vs 100) due to higher cumulative efficiency. Pure quadratic voting is broken without identity verification (Gitcoin Passport, BrightID, Proof of Humanity).
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  Hybrid Solutions: Most production systems combine quadratic (whale resistance) + identity (sybil resistance) + time-weighting (vote buying resistance). Complex but comprehensive. Gitcoin Grants, Optimism RetroPGF use variants.
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  Trade-off Awareness: No perfect implementation. Pure quadratic = simple but vulnerable. Identity-verified = secure but excludes privacy-seekers. Time-weighted = anti-speculation but punishes new members. Choose based on threat model.