🏗️ Modular Designs: Fuel, Manta, Eclipse

Discover production modular blockchain architectures

Separate consensus, data availability, and execution

Modular Designs

With modular architecture, you can **mix and match layers** to create the perfect blockchain for your use case. Want maximum security? Use Ethereum. Need cheap DA? Choose Celestia. Want custom execution? Build on WASM. Every combination has different tradeoffs in security, cost, performance, and sovereignty.

This is the **power of modularity**: instead of being locked into one monolithic design, you build exactly what you need. Let's explore real-world modular stack designs and their tradeoffs.

Interactive: Modular Stack Builder

Build your own modular blockchain stack by selecting each layer.

🔗 Consensus Layer

💾 Data Availability Layer

⚡ Execution Layer

✅ Settlement Layer

Your Stack Analysis

Architecture Type
Ethereum Rollup
Security Model
Inherits Ethereum security
Cost Profile
Higher (Ethereum DA)
Flexibility
High (modular stack)

Real-World Modular Stacks

Arbitrum (Ethereum Rollup)

Consensus:Ethereum PoS
Data Availability:Ethereum Blobs
Execution:Custom EVM (Nitro)
Settlement:Ethereum L1
Maximum security, high throughput, optimistic fraud proofs

Celestia Rollup

Consensus:Celestia
Data Availability:Celestia
Execution:EVM / WASM / Any
Settlement:Sovereign
Full sovereignty, very cheap DA, custom execution

Hybrid Stack

Consensus:Ethereum PoS
Data Availability:EigenDA
Execution:SVM (Solana VM)
Settlement:Ethereum L1
Ethereum security, cheap DA, high-performance execution

StarkNet

Consensus:Ethereum PoS
Data Availability:Ethereum Calldata
Execution:Cairo VM
Settlement:Ethereum L1 (STARK proofs)
Validity proofs, Cairo language, post-quantum security

🎯 Design Decision Framework

🛡️
Security-first: Use Ethereum consensus + settlement (maximum security from ETH staking)
💰
Cost-optimized: Use Celestia/EigenDA for data availability (1000x cheaper than Ethereum)
Performance-focused: Custom execution (SVM, WASM) with specialized optimizations
🎪
Sovereignty-first: No L1 settlement, full control over governance and upgrades